実践ビジネス英語 Wednesday, August 21
Umemura says he had an interesting experience when he recently went out to dinner at an upscale restaurant with some friends who were visiting from Japan. Collins wonders if they forgot to tip, but Umemura says their waiter asked his friends to stop when they began to photograph their food with their smartphones. Pearson and Collins agree that this is inappropriate at a fancy restaurant.
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Good Food, Nice manners (1)
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2) high-end: Umemura means they went to an upscale restaurant, one aimed at affluent customers. You'll hear about "high-end homes," "high-end resorts." "High-end" can also refer to things that offer superior function, quality, etc. Naturally things like that are usually expensive, like a "high-end stereo system."
high-end = upscale
3) the opposite expression would be "low-end." For example, a "low-end" smartphone might offer fewer features and therefore be cheaper.
4) dine: This means to eat a meal, particularly dinner. But it has more elegant, genteel aura than just to eat. I remember reading an article about one of the first fast-food chains in the United States, and it said the founder was successful because he realized Americans don't "dine," they eat.
5) We also have the idiom "wine and dine," which means to treat to lavish, expensive meals. Something like, "I have to go out to dinner this Friday. We are "wining and dining" one of our biggest clients.
6) friendly but reserved: If someone or something is reserved, they are characterized by self-restraint, reticence. Something like "Victoria's quite 'reserved.' She never discusses her private life at the office."
7) admonish: Pearson uses "admonish" to mean reprove, scold over something. "She was 'admonished' by her boss for not having the necessary data ready," for example.
8) kosher: Originally this refers to food that conforms with Jewish dietary laws. However, Pearson is using it to mean proper, acceptable. I'd say it's most often used in the expression "not be kosher" in other words "not be acceptable," "not be proper." For example, in Japan, putting your feet up on your desk is not "kosher." Eating food in commuter trains is not "kosher" either.
9) upscale: Aimed at rich consumers or a particularly high quality. The Ginza area is full of "upscale" boutiques. Karuizawa is an "upscale" resort area. We also have the adjective "downscale" meaning aimed at lower income customers though an Internet search leads me to believe this is much less common than "upscale."
10) eatery: This is an informal way to say a restaurant. It combines the word "eat" with the suffix "e-r-y," which in this case means a place where you do, sell, make, you know, whatever a certain thing, so like a bakery or a winery. A cannery is a factory where you put food in cans.
11) tacky: Something that's "tacky" is low class. It's in bad taste. At an American wedding, for example, wearing very flashy clothing or jewelry is considered "tacky" because you are not supposed to outshine the bride. Likewise, spreading rumors behind someone's back, that's "tacky."
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実践ビジネス英語 Thursday, August 22
1) Umemura says his friends were surprised at being told not to photograph their food with one wondering what was wrong since she wasn't using a flash. He says the waiter was very polite about asking them to stop, and kindly invited everyone to take pictures in the kitchen. Umemura says they received the tour of the kitchen and even took pictures with the chefs and other staff.
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Good Food, Nice Manners (2)
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2) flash: One common expression using "flash" is "flash in the pan." This refers to something that's successful, it gets attention for a brief period of time, something like "Company X's new product was just a 'flash in the pan.' Initial sales were strong but they plunged after a few months."
3) have a rule against photography: In other words, the restaurant won't allow photography. We also use "have a rule against something" when we are talking about our own personal guidelines. For example, you could say, "I 'have a rule against' taking pens and notebooks from the office. I just don't think it's right."
4) kitchen: One of my favorite expression is "everything but the kitchen sink." This means everything possible, everything you can think of, a great deal of something, as in "This report is much too long. She put in 'everything but the kitchen sink.'" Or "His desk is so cluttered. He's got 'everything but the kitchen sink' on there."
5) be treated to: In this case, "treat" means provide someone with something enjoyable, satisfying, such as "We were 'treated' to a fascinating presentation at the sales conference. But very often "treat" means to pay for food, a drink or some special gift or experience for another person. So if I say, "Our boss treated us to dinner," then our boss took us out to dinner and he paid for it.
6) pose for a photo: In this case "pose" means adopt some posture or placement for picture. It can also mean to affect an attitude or character, usually to deceive or impress somebody. And both meanings also come in noun form. For example, "She pretends to be really confident, but it's just a 'pose.' She is actually quite insecure."
pose = 写真を撮るためのポーズ
pause = 間を開けるという意味のポーズ
日本語では同じ「ポーズ」。混同しやすいので注意しましょう。
7) turn out to be: Umemura uses "turn out" to mean it proved to be this in the end. This happened in the end or was discovered in the end. You could say something like, "Studying a foreign language 'turned out to be' easier than I expected."
8) come away with: End some experience with a certain feeling or thing as a result, such as "We 'came away' from the meeting with a good understanding of the company's marketing strategy." Or "She 'came away' from the lecture feeling inspired."
9) have a nagging question: When something is "nagging," it won't go away. It continues to cause distraction, discomfort, things like, "I have a 'nagging' suspicion he is not telling the truth." Or "I have a 'nagging' pain in my shoulder."
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実践ビジネス英語 Friday, August 23
1) Collins says it’s hard to explain why taking photographs is frowned on, and Pearson speculates that the chef might not want his presentation copied. Umemura mentions restaurants that offer discounts for people who check their cellphones. And Collins describes a recent dinner where everyone put their phones on the table and agreed that the first person to reach for their phone would pay for everyone.
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Good Food, Nice Manners (3)
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2) boil down to: Collins is referring to the essential point, the key factor in the situation or regarding a certain issue. She also could have said "it comes down" to the fact that. Thigs like, "Time management 'boils down to' plannning," for example. We have to decide in advance how to use our time.
3) be discouraged from: To "discourage" someone from something is to persuade them or to try to persuade them not to do something, such as "His father tried to 'discourage' him from dropping out of college." It can also mean hamper something, impede it by creating unfavorable conditions such as "The company introduced time cards to 'discourage' peoplefrom being late."
4) check: "Check" has many, many meanings. Umemura is using it to mean temporarily hand something over. Leave it with someone as you enter a restaurant, event space whatever. We also use "check" metaphorically to mean cease or avoid some harmful behavior or attitude, not engage in that behavior or attitude in a certain situation. When I meet rude waiters or sales people, I often think, "You work in the service industry. You should 'check' that attitude at the door."
5) ubiquity: "Ubiquity" is a noun referring to something being present everywhere. The adjective is "ubiquitous." Pearson could have said "Cellphones are 'ubiquitous' these days." In Seattle, Washington, coffee shops are "ubiquitous."
6) get out of hand: This means get out of control, become unmanageable, go too far, things like, "David's insubordination has 'gotten out of hand.' Now he is interrupting our boss during meetings."
get out of control とも言います。
7) "Out of hand" can also mean without thought or discussion. This meaning is most often used with verbs like "reject" or "dismiss," such as "Mary suggested changing suppliers, but the company rejected that idea 'out of hand.'" "Without even considering it," in other words.
8) bright idea: In this case, "bright" means intelligent, clever. So a "bright idea" is a clever idea or plan. Collins really does think this was a good idea, but it's also common to use "bright idea" sarcastically, such as "I was late because I had the 'bright idea' of taking a cab. I got stuck in traffic as a result."
9) pick up the tab: This is to pay the bill for something. For example, "The president 'picked up the tab' for the entire group, nearly 1,000 dollars."
10) We also say "get stuck with the tab," which is to be forced to pay for something, end up having to pay for it. One of my dorm mates in college ran up a huge phone bill one month and her father 'got stuck with the tab.'"
11) forget oneself: This is to forget how we are supposed to act in a certain situation, what we are supposed to do, such as "He 'forgot himself' and started humming in the office.
【原稿チェック： Hiroko, Hiromi, Kodo Ogata 】
【ディクテーション： Sanae】
